Definition and Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorders
Defining Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD):
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a complex disorder of brain development. It is believed that ASD has its roots in early brain development. The disorders are characterized "in varying degrees, by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviors" (Autism Speaks).
ASD affects a person's ability to communicate and interact with others. It can also be "associated with intellectual disability, difficulties in motor coordination and attention and physical health issues such as sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. Some persons with ASD excel in visual skills, music, math and art" (Autism Speaks).
ASD affects a person's ability to communicate and interact with others. It can also be "associated with intellectual disability, difficulties in motor coordination and attention and physical health issues such as sleep and gastrointestinal disturbances. Some persons with ASD excel in visual skills, music, math and art" (Autism Speaks).
Types of Autism:
The autism spectrum disorders belong to an “umbrella” category of five childhood-onset conditions known as pervasive developmental disorders (PDD) (Help Guide). The three most common types of PDD are:1. Autism Disorders
2. Asperger's Disorders
3. Pervasive Developmental Disorders-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)
Most signs and symptoms of Autism appear between the ages of 2 and 3. Early diagnosis and intervention along with proven behavioral therapies can improve outcomes.
See the "Next Steps" link for more information on Interventions and Treatment Options.
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